Braelyn Anderson
Psychology 101
March 26, 2017
Journal Article Critique #3
Phantom limb pain is a painted station that occurs in a part of the body that had been amputated. It hit is described as a burning squeezing throbbing or knife-like pain. Many treatments for Phantom limb pain have proven to be very ineffective. There is a need for a better form of treatment. The lack of understanding the psychophysiology too cool mechanism may be their main reason why these treatments or medications have been if ineffective. It is possible that other pathologic tissue in the residual limb may become more sensitive to local or circulating levels. Many Studies have showed a relationship between residual limb temperature and Phantom limb pain involvement. The study was on 28 amputee’s biofeedback has become a common therapy to treat many chronic pain conditions biofeedback is the temperature feedback and muscle relaxation procedures helps reduce muscle tension increase blood flow.
The study examines the effectiveness of thermal biofeedback training in treating Phantom limb pain. Thermal biofeedback allows someone to monitor their temperature and modify activity. If sympathetic nervous system activity is indeed casually related to Phantom limb pain getting control over such activity should result in decreased pain. The hypothesis is that if increase control over sympathetic activity it can lead to decrease pain in the weeks following treatment. Participants completed a daily pain diary 2 times a day if monitored weekly changes an overall pain intensity. It also measured depression symptoms and anxiety-related symptoms. Biofeedback consisted of three treatment phases treatment training warming and follow-up. Biofeedback sensors were tagged in a 10-minute Baseline was recorded next 20 minutes treatment period began with the biofeedback therapist reading 20 autogenic phrases to the patient in a slow rhythmic manner such as were instructed to repeat the phrase as they like best while imagining sensations of warmth and heaviness in the unaffected extremities Treatment training the patient's progress was reviewed and any questions regarding the warming techniques for discussed.
Warming Sensations was a 10-minute thermal recording focused on feedback from the residual limb only the pay of the patient was allowed them to conduct the warming sessions by themselves by warming via their newly learned individual phrases. The follow-up session was similar to the warmest ocean where they and then they discuss the techniques along with therapeutic directive.
Biofeedback technique uses treatment of thermistors attached to multiple sites it's fixed to the end of the residual limb and unscarred area attached to this corresponding side on the contralateral limb and the final thermostat or was attached to extremity of a healthy limb.
Painted not decrease in AM PT's with burning pain the participants are said it actually increased the burning pain the study supports the hypothesis that thermal fat biofeedback training may have an important role to play in the management of phantom limb pain. The results of this study May indicate that patients can alter their perceived painful Sensations in the residual or Phantom limbs or it can be a physiological change in the improve blood flow and or decreased sympathetic output. bio simply be a vehicle to shift to patients Focus from external to internal methods of pain coping making perceive pain more tolerable. to a treatment option for patients with Phantom limb pain. It needs further study with direct comparison to other Behavioral training such as relaxation techniques. (3), 395-405.